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Information and Communication TechnologySolved Questions· Unit 13
Science & Technology · Chapter 13
33 solved questions

Chapter 13: Information and Communication Technology

Every question in this chapter, answered and explained — step-by-step solutions drawn live from the chapter library across 7 question sections.

Very Short Answer Questions10Short Answer Questions11Differentiate Between3Long Answer Questions2Diagram-Based Questions2Application / Conceptual Questions2Additional SEE Practice3
01

Very Short Answer Questions

10
1SEE Boardqb-q0

What is a digital signal?

Ans.A digital signal is a signal represented by only two fixed values (0 and 1), used in the binary system, and represented by a square wave.
2SEE Boardqb-q1

What is an analogue signal?

Ans.An analogue signal is a signal that indicates a constantly changing physical quantity, changes continuously with time, and is represented by a sine wave.
3SEE Boardqb-q2

Define bit and byte.

Ans.A bit is the smallest form of data in a computer, short for binary digit, and can be either 0 or 1. A byte is a group of eight bits which works as a single unit of data in a computer.
4SEE Boardqb-q3

What is 1 byte equal to, in bits?

Ans.1 byte is equal to 8 bits (00000000 in binary form represents 1 byte of memory, i.e. 8 zero/one digits).
5SEE Boardqb-q4

What is a netizen?

Ans.A netizen is a person who actively uses and engages in the internet — a citizen of the internet.
6SEE Boardqb-q5

What is digital citizenship?

Ans.Digital citizenship is the citizenship of a netizen in the virtual world of the internet.
7SEE Boardqb-q6

What is digital well-being?

Ans.Digital well-being is the state of being healthy mentally, physically, socially, and emotionally by balancing the time spent on online and offline activities.
8SEE Boardqb-q7

Name any two components of a digital communication system.

Ans.Encoder and Modulator are two components of a digital communication system (others include source, input transducer, channel, demodulator, decoder, and output transducer).
9SEE Boardqb-q8

Name two video file formats.

Ans.MP4 and 3GP are two video file formats.
10SEE Boardqb-q9

What is baseband transmission?

Ans.Baseband transmission means the transmission of digital signals through a channel without converting them into analogue signals, used mainly for short-distance transmission.
02

Short Answer Questions

11
1SEE Boardqb-q10

Present the currently used high-speed internet as a broadband transmission.

Ans.Broadband internet is generally regarded as high-speed internet. It is broadband transmission because digital signals are converted into analogue signals (through modulation) before being sent through the channel as optical or electromagnetic waves, which allows large amounts of data to be transmitted over long distances at high speed.
2SEE Boardqb-q11

Write four advantages of digital transmission.

Ans.
  1. (1) Deterioration and noise effects are very less in digital signals.
  2. (2) Circuits used for digital transmission are more reliable.
  3. (3) Digital circuits are cheaper and easier to design than analogue circuits.
  4. (4) There is less possibility of signal overlap and cross-talk in digital transmission.
3SEE Boardqb-q12

Explain the impact of digital technology on the development of information and communication technology with any two examples.

Ans.Digital technology has increased the quality and prevalence of information and communication. Example 1: Digital telecommunication has made fast communication possible, and a single channel can carry many telephone calls at once. Example 2: Digital TV (terrestrial, mobile, satellite, cable) provides high-definition broadcasting and has expanded television service to different parts of the country through technologies like Dish TV.
4SEE Boardqb-q13

Present any four examples of digital technology used in daily life.

Ans.Infrared/digital thermometer, calculator, digital wallet, and digital camera are four examples of digital technology used in daily life (other examples include online newspaper, online library, speedometer, and smartwatch).
5SEE Boardqb-q14

Write two positive and negative effects of digital technology in daily life.

Ans.Positive effects: (1) Digital payment solves the problem of carrying large amounts of cash. (2) Online newspapers can be read anywhere with internet access. Negative effects: (1) Excessive use of digital devices can change a person's social behaviour. (2) Digital games with violence can adversely affect mental health and spread antisocial activities.
6SEE Boardqb-q15

Write four characteristics of a good netizen.

Ans.
  1. (1) Use polite and civilized language in online communication.
  2. (2) Show respect for oneself and others online.
  3. (3) Remember that anything posted online is permanent.
  4. (4) Respect intellectual property and cite sources when using others' material.
7SEE Boardqb-q16

What is online reputation? Write with examples.

Ans.Online reputation is how a person or organization is perceived based on their activity and presence on the internet. For example, using one's real name and photo consistently across social media profiles, and an organization maintaining an active, credible presence with many followers, both build strong online reputation.
8SEE Boardqb-q17

Write the advantages of digital well-being.

Ans.Digital well-being helps maintain mental, physical, social, and emotional health by balancing online and offline time. It reduces the risk of problems like obesity, insomnia, vision problems, mental stress, depression, anxiety, social isolation, and loneliness caused by unregulated internet use.
9SEE Boardqb-q18

What four precautions are necessary for digital well-being?

Ans.
  1. (1) Separate screen time from other daily activities.
  2. (2) Set time limits for social media use.
  3. (3) Turn off mobile notifications while working.
  4. (4) Use digital well-being applications to monitor and reduce screen time.
10SEE Boardqb-q19

What is digital reputation management? Give two examples.

Ans.Digital reputation management is the process of maintaining a positive, authentic, and credible image of a person or organization online. Examples: (1) Using the same real name and username consistently across all social media profiles. (2) Timely resolution of comments and complaints made on an organization's website or social media pages.
11SEE Boardqb-q20

Mention four importance of digital reputation management.

Ans.
  1. (1) It builds trust and credibility with others online.
  2. (2) It shows authenticity and reliability of a profile.
  3. (3) It protects personal and organizational image from harm caused by negative content.
  4. (4) It helps prevent problems like password theft and misuse of a poorly protected online identity.
03

Differentiate Between

3
1SEE Boardqb-q21

Differentiate between analogue signal and digital signal.

Analogue SignalDigital Signal
Indicates the constantly changing physical quantity; represented by a sine wave.Represents the physical quantity changing in segments; represented by a square wave.
Changes constantly with time.Changes between two fixed values continuously with time.
Converted to digital signal by ADC; example: temperature sensor.Converted to analogue signal by DAC; example: playing music on a computer.
2SEE Boardqb-q22

Differentiate between analogue signal transmission and digital signal transmission.

Analogue Signal TransmissionDigital Signal Transmission
Data is transmitted using analogue signals between transmitter and receiver.Analogue signals are digitalized, transmitted, and converted back into analogue signals as output.
Highly affected by external influences (noise, atmospheric effects).Less affected by external influences.
Coding is not possible; needs small bandwidth.Coding is possible; needs a large bandwidth.
3SEE Boardqb-q23

Differentiate between digital integrity/identity and digital reputation.

Ans.Digital identity/integrity refers to being honest, consistent, and authentic in one's online behaviour and information (e.g. using one's real name and accurate information online), while digital reputation refers to how a person or organization is perceived by others based on their online activity, posts, and presence (e.g. follower count, credibility built through consistent, positive engagement). In short, digital identity is about who you truthfully are online, while digital reputation is about how others perceive you online.
04

Long Answer Questions

2
1SEE Boardqb-q24

Describe the components of a digital communication system with a labelled diagram.

Ans.A digital communication system has the following components in order: Source (origin of the signal, e.g. sound), Input Transducer (converts the signal into an electrical signal, e.g. a microphone), Encoder (compresses data into minimum bits), Modulator (converts data into analogue signal for the channel), Channel (medium carrying the signal), Demodulator (demodulates the received signal), Decoder (re-digitizes the signal, removing errors), Output Transducer (converts the decoded signal into the original physical form, e.g. a loudspeaker), and Output Signal (the final result, e.g. sound recreated at the receiver).
2SEE Boardqb-q25

Write your plan to make a 5-minute audio-visual material covering topics from any one unit of Grade 10 Science and Technology. What can be done to make that material 3 minutes? Write the necessary steps.

Ans.To make a 5-minute audio-visual material: (1) choose a topic from a unit (e.g. Hydrocarbon and its Compounds), (2) write a short script covering the key concepts, (3) record video using a smartphone or digital camera with the microphone capturing narration, (4) import the recording into a video editing application (e.g. Windows Video Editor, Filmora), (5) trim unnecessary parts and arrange the clips in order, (6) add title cards or captions if needed, (7) export the final video in a suitable format (e.g. MP4).
05

Diagram-Based Questions

2
1SEE Boardqb-q26

Draw and label the block diagram of a digital communication system.

Ans.Draw boxes in order and connect them with arrows: Source → Input Transducer → Encoder → Modulator → Channel → Demodulator → Decoder → Output Transducer → Output Signal. Label the transmission side (source to channel) and reception side (channel to output signal) separately.
2SEE Boardqb-q27

Study a graph showing voltage against time with a smooth continuous wave, and another graph showing a stepped wave switching only between 0V and 5V. Identify each signal type and explain the difference.

Ans.The smooth continuous wave is an analogue signal, as it changes constantly with time and is represented by a sine wave. The stepped wave switching only between 0V and 5V is a digital signal, as it changes between only two fixed values and is represented by a square wave.
06

Application / Conceptual Questions

2
1SEE Boardqb-q28

A person constantly posts hateful and rude comments on social media using a fake name and photo. Is this person behaving as a good netizen? Explain with reference to online reputation.

Ans.No, this person is not behaving as a good netizen. Good netizens use polite and civilized language and show respect for themselves and others online. Using a fake name and photo also damages authenticity and reliability, which are important for building a trustworthy online reputation; posting rude comments can further harm both the person's own online reputation and other people's mental well-being.
2SEE Boardqb-q29

A student spends most of the day on the smartphone playing violent games and stays up late scrolling social media, resulting in poor sleep and irritability. What concept explains this problem, and what steps could help?

Ans.This is a digital well-being problem caused by an imbalance between online and offline activities. Steps that could help include setting time limits for social media and gaming, separating screen time from sleep time, turning off notifications at night, and using a digital well-being application to monitor and reduce screen time.
07

Additional SEE Practice

3
1SEE Boardqb-q30

Which type of transmission — baseband or broadband — would be more suitable for sending data between two computers in the same room using a direct cable, and why?

Ans.Baseband transmission would be more suitable, because it is used for short-distance transmission, sends digital signals directly through the channel without converting them to analogue signals, and does not require modulation, making it simple and efficient for short, direct connections.
2SEE Boardqb-q31

Why is coding possible in digital communication but not in analogue communication?

Ans.Digital communication represents data using discrete binary values (0s and 1s), which can be systematically encoded, compressed, and error-checked using coding techniques. Analogue communication uses continuously varying signals, which cannot be broken into discrete units for such coding, so coding is not possible in analogue communication.
3SEE Boardqb-q32

Why does digital transmission need a larger bandwidth than analogue transmission?

Ans.Digital transmission converts signals into a series of binary digits which must be transmitted rapidly and often includes additional bits for encoding, error correction, and synchronization, requiring a larger bandwidth compared to a simple continuously varying analogue signal.
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